CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE MALACOFAUNA OF THE OJCÓW NATIONAL PARK †

The Ojców National Park malacofauna, although studied for more than a hundred years, is still insufficiently known. The paper deals with the malacofauna collected at four localities within the Ojców National Park. It comprises 73 species, out of which there are six new for the area. The authors give an ecological classification of the recorded species, the resulting check list of the malacofauna being compared with former data. Key WordS: Gastropoda, land snails, ecological groups, faunistics, checklist Folia Malacologica 4/1990 was originally published as No. 1276 of Scientific Bulletins of University of Mining and Metallurgy, Cracow. This digitalised version was prepared by the Association of Polish Malacologists and first published on-line on December 30th, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12657/folmal.004.009 Folia Malacol. 4: 163–172


Introduction
1t is tor nearly 140 years that the malacolauna of the 0Jc6w National Park has been studied.The first records of the occurrence of molluscs in the OJcow region are those of WAGA (1855,  1857).They are reports from naturalists' trips to 0jc6w, made in 1853 and 1854.Latter papers dealing with the malacofauna of the said region refer to the first reports.I was only 60 years after the studies of the malacolauna of OJc6w had been Initiated that POLMKI (1914) published a critical review of the earlier observations on the subject.The review covered not odf the ptilhhed data but also unpublished ones (e.g.those collected by F. BEf\IASZ).In his paper, POLINSKI fisted 84 monusc species he had admitted as Inhabiting the area of the present 0Jc6w National Park.Some of the species, given in earlier papers, the occurrence of which he had not confirmed.he cited with an annotation [ C!Jilosltlml rossn~~esleri (L.PFEFFER.1842), c~ C'OS/IIil (C.PFEIFFER.1828), ~ dnlren• (FRAlEI'FELD. 1856)].
The next critical review considering, from the zoogeographlcal point of view, new species recorded.was~ by UUSANsKI (1977) reoardinO the area In question as a weH known one.with 85 to 90 mollusc species known to occur there.
The material that the presertt paper deals with was collected in September, 1988.from some localities of the OJc6w National Park, to obtain as, many gastropod species as possible.Some other localities of the t<rak6w-Wleluil Upland were also surveyed 1or tatter comparisons to be given In a separate paper.to 115.000 years ago (the cave Jasklnia Ciemna).Hence. the OJcOw region is considerably changed by man, which also concerns the composition of the malacofauna (URBAtQst<l 1977).
A mosaic of different biotopes covering a relatively smal area provides SUitable conditions tor a rich variety of species of moluscs from various ecologlc groups (sensu LOZEK 1964), which was shown by earRer studies.
The reason why the natural conditions of the said area have aroused so much interest Is that 1 Is part of one of the most Interesting lands of Poland -the vlclnlles of Krak6w, In panlcular.
Krak6w has tor a long time been a culural and sclentHic ceme, with dismgulshed malacologlsts who did a lot to extend the knowledge of the reglqn.Last but not least, the 0Jc6w region Is formed of Jurasstc limestones which create a favourable substrate for malacofauna.

Studied localities
A -the castle of OJc6w -a hill with a ruin of a castle, ~vergrown with maple (Acer pseudopla/anus L.).hazel ( COI}M aYella/JJ L.l and line ( Tilia p/.1/)phy(/os SCOP .).A rich malacolauna blotope is the large loot of limestone waHs at the gate of the castle.The tops of the limestone rocks are inhabited by a typical xerophllous malacofauna.11 is from here that the species V'a/lonia excentrka STERKI.1892 and V'lrea contracla (WESTERLUND.1871) were found tor us.which was Its first record from the OJc6w region.
Alternatively, the limestone rocks are a habitat of a xerophilous malacofauna.Form this locality, we recorded for the first time tor the said region the following species: CoAm1e/la e(lentth (ORAPARNAUO, 1805), 1/lrea sv/Jrlinala (REINHAROT, 1871), and .Pupilla lr/j7k'ala (STUDER.1820).We also recorded there a few subfossil specimens of HeHC/gona A1plcti:a' (LINNAEUS, 1758).Despite a thorough search, we could not found a living specimen at the time of study.
However, it was onty two years later (August 1990) that we had found one living adult.
0 -Pieskowa Skala -a forest growing on a rocky substrate, below the walls of the castle.
Snail species and their respective localities are listed in Tab. 1.

Remarks on species
A comparative list of the malacotauna of OJc6w (Tab.2) covers 100 recent species of moHuscs recorded so far from the area of the Oic6w National Park.According to POLINSKI (1914) and URBANSKI (1977) we have not considered the species which were erroneously recorded from the O.ic6w region by either confused labels [Mlcropaslrt1 lates/nata (A.SCHMIDT, 1857)  (FALNIOWSKI, 1980(FALNIOWSKI, , 1981(FALNIOWSKI, . 1983)).
In the present study we have recorded the occurrence of 73 species, out of which there are six new for the area of the Park fl/lrea subrlinata.1/.The above list proves the character of the studied area to be predominantly forest and indicates that the region has never been completely deforested.This Is mainly confirmed by the presence of some species of ecologic group 1., which are sensitive to deforestation 1Acia.ll8 -Castle of Ojcow, limestone rocks and rubble in the forest; 8 -Krakowska Brarna.an old forest on rocky substrate : D -Pieskowa Skala, boulders in forest2.Study areaThe Ojc6w National Park is situated in the southern part of the Krak6w-Wielut'l Upland.ll covers the middle, 5 km long section of the valley of the Pradnlk stream and the adJacent area of the Jurassic upland.The total area of the Park is 1590 ha.ll is formed of Jurassic limestone.Along the vaNey there are separate limestone rocks, 12M.40 m high.Which are fragments of earler terraces.There are about 200 caverns in the rocks.The mean annual temperature of the area Is 7.50C, the ralnfaU reaching 800 mm.lis known that man settled In the area as early as 120,000