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RESEARCH PAPER
Predation by Dugesia polychroa (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) prevents the establishment of Physa acuta (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) in hard-substratum habitats
1
Department of Environmental Sciences, “Marco Giustini” Ecology Lab, University of L’Aquila, Coppito Science Center, Italy
2
Limno Consulting, Rome, Italy
Submission date: 2011-11-11
Final revision date: 2012-02-02
Acceptance date: 2012-02-20
Publication date: 2020-04-08
Corresponding author
Paola Lombardo
Department of Environmental Sciences, “Marco Giustini” Ecology Lab, University of L’Aquila, Coppito Science Center, I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Limno Consulting, via Bedollo 303, I-0012 Rome, Italy
Department of Environmental Sciences, “Marco Giustini” Ecology Lab, University of L’Aquila, Coppito Science Center, I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Limno Consulting, via Bedollo 303, I-0012 Rome, Italy
Folia Malacol. 2012;20(2):121-134
KEYWORDS
gastropodsplan ariasinterspecific interactionspredation-induced behaviourpopulation regulationlake littoralbenthic communities
ABSTRACT
Despite half a century of research on planarian-gastropod interactions, the population-level impact of planarian predation on littoral pulmonates is not well known. We have quantified the predation of the common lacustrine planaria Dugesia polychroa Schmidt on the ubiquitous snail Physa acuta Drap., a potential keystone grazer in benthic littoral communities, in a high-replicate laboratory experiment. Planarian predation pressure was maintained constant, and experimental populations of P. acuta were size-structured simulating young-rich small groups (re)colonising the habitat (e.g. after release from predation). D. polychroa caused a quick (week 2) reduction in the density of hatchlings and juveniles, followed by significant reduction in the numbers of young (at the onset of reproductive age) and larger, reproductive-age adults (week 3). Planarias did not have any effect on the size of reproductive-age large adults, but oviposition decreased significantly in week 2, and all P. acuta populations in planarian-present aquaria went extinct within six weeks. Dugesiid-induced extinction mainly occurred by precluding population turnover. The results strongly suggest that active predation by D. polychroa on P. acuta can be high under some environmental conditions, effectively preventing the (re)establishment of small, colonising populations of P. acuta in hard-substratum habitats.
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